How is salah performed?

Supplication

A devotee about the perform a ritual prayer is first to be careful that there is no folth on one's clothing or on one's clothing or on the place of prayer that will hinder one from performing a ritual prayer. Next, a devotee makes the minor ritual ablution, and then turns to face in the direction of the Holy Kaaba.One makes the intention in the heart for the performance of the ritual prayer.
For instance, if one is about to perform te sunnah rakahs of the Dawv Prayer, one makes the intention in the heart like this:

"I intend to perform the sunnah rakahs of today's Dawn Prayer for the sake of Allah".

Al Takbir

Male :
One fixes the eyes on the place of where the head will rest between the palms facing in the direction of the Holy Kaaba and with the thumbs touching the ear lobes. The ffet are parallel to each other with a space between them, equal to the width of four fingers. Then saying the formulaof magnification of Allah, that is Allahu Akbar.

Female : One fixes the eyes on the place where the head will rest in prostration, with the hands at the level of the chest so that the finger-tips do not go above the level of the shoulders. Then saying the formulaof magnification of Allah, that is Allahu Akbar.

Al-Qiyam

Next, the supplication of al-Subhanaka (Subhanaka-Allahumma-wabi-hamdik, Wa-tabaraq'as-muk, wa-ta'ala-jadduk, Wa-la-ilaha-ghayruk) is recited. The recitation of the formula of Audhu Bismillah and the chapter of the Opening (Surah al-Fatiha) follow this. One says 'Amin' at the end of the Chapter of the Opening. An additional chaptar (surah)After that, one lets down the arms to the sides and bows down (al-ruku) while saying Allahu Akbar.

Male: One fixes the eyes on the place where the head will rest in prostration, with the hands clapsed below the navel. The thumb and the small finger of the right hand hold wrist of the left arm by forming a ring. The space between the two feet, which are parallel to each other, is four fingers.

Female: One fixes the eyes on the place of prostration, with the hands placed over the chest and with the right hand over the left one.

Al Rukuh

In bowing, the glorification of Allah is at least three times with this expression : "Subhana Rabbi'yal-adhim" (Glorified is my lord, the Most Great).
Then one raisesthe head and stands up at ease reciting: "Sami-Allahu-liman-hamidah" and "Rabb'ana-lakal-hamd" ("Allah hears one who praises Him", "Losr, to You alone belong all kinds of perfect praise). Next, one goes down, on one's knees with the utterance of "Allahu Akbar" to assume the position of prostration.

Male: One fixes the eyes on the ends of the toes, with the head and the back up to the buttocks at the same level, the back being flat and parallel to the ground. The legs and the arms are stretched, with the fingers spresd apart grasping the knees.

Female: Her eyes are fixed upon the ends of the toes.The head and the back are not on the same level, the head being at a higher level. The joined fingers are put lightly over the knees.

Al-Sajdah

One recites in prostration three times the expression of glorification of Allah: "SubhanaRabb'iyal-a'la" (Glorified is my Lord). Then one utters the expression of magnification of Allah: "Allahu Akbar" (Allah is the Greatest). and gets up from the first prostration to the sitting position, where one stays for a length of time equal to saying once the expression of Subhanallah. then one begins the second prostration with the expression of "Allahu Akbar" and again recites three times "Subhana Rabb'iyal-a'la" in the prostration position. After that, one raises the head from the prostration sayıng "Allahu Akbar" and stands up, without pushing

his hands against the ground and without sitting, thus completing the first rakah.

Male: The head is between the two hands, with both the nose and the forehead touching the ground. The fingers are pointed in the direction of the Holy Kaaba. The elbows do not touch the ground, and they are not in contact with the sides of the body. The abdomen is away from the thighs. the toes face the Holy Kaaba and the heels are together.

Female: The forehead and the nose touch the floor. The head is between the two hands, the fingers facing the Holy Kaaba. The elbows touch the floor and touch the abdomen with the thighs also joined to the abdomen. The tops of the feet touch the ground and both the feet bend to the right side.

Second Rakah

The second rakah is like the first rakah, with the exception that in the beginning. one does not recite the expression of "Allahu Akbar" The recitation of the formula of Bismillah (without Audhu) and the chapter of the Opening (Surah al-Fatiha) follow this. One says "Amin" at the end of the Chapter of the Opening An additional chaptar (surah) Then one complates the bowing down and prostrations. However, at the completion of the second prostration of the second rakah, one sits on.

Al-Qada

In the sitting position one recites the supplication of Witnessing, the Supplications of "Al Tahiyyah "Allahumma Salli", "Allahumma Barik, and "Rabb'ana''

Male: The eyes are fixed upon the thighs. The hands are on the thighs, the fingers being relaxed. One sits on the left foot, which is pointing in towards the right foot. The right foot is upright the toes bent in the direction of the Holy Kaaba.

Female: The eyes look at the thighs upon which are placed the hands, with the fingers relaxed. Both the feet protrude out on the right side, the sitting position being on the ground, not on the left foot.

Salam

There after one turns the head first to the right side saying the formula: "Assalamu alaikum wa Rahmatullah". Then one turns to the left with the recitation of the same salutation. The ritual prayer all has now been completed.

Male: The hands are placed on the thighs, with the fingers being relaxed. The right food is upright, with the big toe bent in the direction of the Holy Kaaba. The head is turned to the right with the eyes fixed upon the right shoulder and then the head is turned to the left with the eyes looking at the left shoulder.

Female: The hands are put on the tighs, with the fingers at ease. Both the feet are brought out on the right. The head is turned to the right with the eyes looking at the shoulder and then the head is turned to the left with the eyes looking at the left shoulder.

Supplication

After the completion of any ritual prayer expresions recited:"Allahumma, anta's salam wa minkas'salm, Tabarakta ya dhal Jalali wa'l Ikram"Meaning: Oh my Allah! You are peace and from You comes peace, Blessed are You, O Prossesor of Majesty and Honour.


After this expression, "Subhanallah, wal hamdu lillahi wa la ilaha ill'Allahu wal lahu akbar, Wa la hawla wa la quw'wata illa billah il aliy'yil adhim"Meaning: Glory be to Allah, and praise be to Allah, and there is no god but Allah, and Allah is the Most High. It is only by the assistance, help and power of Allah the Most Great that we give up rebelling and turn to obeying Allah the Lord.After wards, one recites the verse (ayah) of "Ayat al Kursi"And then recites: The expression of glorification of Allah (Subhan'Allah) 33 times, The formula of praise to Allah (Alhamdulillah) 33 times, The formula of magnification of Allah (Allahu Akbar) 33 times. Then the following expression is recited: "Allahu Akbar, La ilahe ill'Allahu wahdahu la sharika lah, Lahul mulku wa lahul hamdu yuhyi wa yumit, Wa huwa Hayyun la yamutu biyadihil khayr, Wa huwa ala kulli shay'in Qadir"Meaning: Allah the Lordis the Most Great, There is no god but Alalh, Alalh is the Only one, and has no partner, The earth and the whole heavens are in his (divine) posession, to him belongs the Praise, Alalh is the One who gives life and gives death, and Hei s the Living One, Who dies not, Goodness in His Hands, and he has power over everything.
Following these expression, one raise the hands and supplicates to Allah the Most Great.

Salah

How many times is salah performed daily?

Salah is performed five times a day; at down, noon, late afternoon, sunset and late evening times.

How many units (rakahs) are there in each of these times?

Dawn Prayer has four rakahs; two sunnah and then two fardh are performed.
Noon Prayer has ten units, four first sunnah, four fardh, two last sunnah are performed.
Late Afternoon Prayer is eight rakahs; four sunnah and four fardh are performed.
Sunset Prayer is five units; three fardh and two sunnah are performed.
Late Evening Prayer is thirteen units; first four sunnah, then four fardh, then two final sunnah, and finally three wajib witr. Totally forty units are performed in a day.

How is Tayammum Performed?

1-Intention for tayammum.Strike your palms on clean earth and shake off the excess wiping between the fingers your hand.

2-Then wipe your face.

3-Again strike your palms on the clean earth and wipe your right arm with your left hand and then wipe your left arm with your right hand

How To Take Ghusl?

First, the intention (Niyyah) to make ghusl is done (for the removal of the state or major impurity).

Then, one washest the front and rear of the genital area, even though it may be clean.

Next say Bismillah and take a complete wudhu as for prayer (minor ritual ablution for salah); but if water can collect in a pool at the feet, than the feet are washed at the end of the major ritual ablution.

Plenty of water is taken into the mouth and nostrils, so that the obligatory washing of the interiors of the mouth and the nose is fullfilled.

Water is pouredthree times over the head first, with the head being rubbed each time. During this period water must reach the base of the beard, moustache and hair.

Water is poured three times over the right shouldert and the body is rubbed each time.Then, water is poured three times over the left shoulder and the body is rubbed each time.

The whole body is rubbed in such manner that there remains no dry spo including the navel.

How To Take Wudhu?

1- One faces the Qiblah, if possible, sits on an elevated place (so that used water may easily flow away), the intention (Niyyah) to make ablution, (recites Audhu and Bismillah)

2-One washes both hands up to the wrists, during which the skin bewtween the fingers of one hand is combed with the fingers of the other. If one has a ring, it is to be moved araound so that water reaches under it.

3-The mouth is rinsed with a mouthful of water using the right hand.Howeever, if one is fasting, one doees not take in that much water out of fear that some water may be swallowed.

4-Water is taken nto the nostrils with the right hand and blown out and cleaned with the left. Those who are fasting do not forcefully take in the water.

5-The whole face from the forehead, where the hair ends, to the part below the chin; the comolete section between the two ear-lobes is to be washed.

6-After taking water into the palm of the right hand, one has it flow directly to the elbow. The right arm is wiped with the left hand up to and including the elbow, thus not leaving and part dry.

7-And then left hand is wiped in the same manner as the the right hand.

8-The right hand is made wet and then starting from the front part of the head at the beginning of the hairline the wet hand wipes the hair.

9-The inside of ears are wiped with the little-finger whilewiping behind the ears with the inner part of the tumb.

10-The back of the neck is wiped with the outer part of the tree fingers excluding the thumbs and the point-fingers. One draws the hands to the front, not directly to that part below the chin, but instead from beneath the ears directly to the face.

11-The skin between the toes of the right foot is combed with the point-finger of the left hand, beginning from the small toe; thus wiping the whole foot. the feet up to and including the ankles are washed. The left foot is wiped in the same manner as the right foot, again with the left hand. This time, however, one starts to comb the skin between the toes from the big toe.

32 Obligatory

Would you please tell us the thirty-two obligatory acts (fardh)?

Yes:
6 pillars of Faith,
5 pillars of Islam,
12 obligatory acts of prayer (salah),
4 of minor ablution (Wudhu),
3 of major ablution (Ghusl),
2 of ablution with sand or earth (tayammum), for a total of 32.

How many are the essential principles of faith?

Six.
To believe in the existence of Allah,
The Angels,
The Divine Scriptures,
The Prophets, the Day of Judgement,
Destiny, (i.e. that all good and bad comes from Allah)

How many basic pillars are there in Islam?

Five.
Testimony of faith in the Oneness of Allah (Kelimah-i Tawhid),
Performing prayer (salah),
fasting (sawm),
Giving the poor-due (zakat),
Pilgrimage to Makkah (hajj)

How many obligatory acts are there in minor ritual ablution (wudhu)?

Four.
Washing the face from hair end and ear lobes to under the chin
Washing the arms up to and including the elbows.
Wiping one fourth of the head
Washing the feet including the ankles.

How many obligatory are there in the major ablution (ghusl)?

Three.
Washing the mouth with plenty of water
Washing inside the nose with plenty of water
Washing the hole body without leaving and dry point.

How many obligatory acts are there in ablution with sand and earth (tayammum) if water can not be found?

Two.
Intention for tayammum.
Hitting both hands twice on the sand; with the frst wiping the face, with the second wiping the arms.

How many obligatory acts are there in salah?

Six internal and six external, totally twelve.

What are the externals?

Purification of environmentPurification from excrementCovering private partsTurning towards the Kaabah in Makkah (Qibla)TimeIntention

What are the internals?

Opening salah by uttering the words "Allahu Akbar"Standing posture (Qiyam)Recitng Qur'anBowling with the palms of the hands touching the knees (ruku)Prostrating (sadjah)Staying as long as to say "there is only one Allah and Muhammad (s.a.s.) is His Messenger" in the last sitting position of salah.

Questions To A Muslim Child (8)

What do we call the nights in which we give particular value to spending it in worship?

We call them the Blessed Nights (Qandil)

How many Blessed Nights are tehere in a year?

There are five Blessed Nights in a year: Mawlid Night, Ragaib Night, Miraj Night, Bara'ah Night, Qadir night.

What is Mawlid Night?

It is the celebration of the Blessed Night when our Prophet (s.a.s.) was born.

What is Ragaib Night?

It is the celebration of the Blessed Night when Muhammad's (s.s.s.) mother Amina understood that she was pregnant with our Prophet (s.a.s.)

What is Miraj Night?

It is the celebration of the Blesse Night of the Prophet Muhammad's (s.a.s.) miraculous journey to Heaven and other universes by the invitation of Allah.

What is Bara'ah Night?

It is the celebration of the Sacred Night when the Holly Qur'an came to the world from the divine tablet, when the yearly sustenances andthe life of a man are reviewed and when forgiveness and blessings are given to all Muslims.

What is Qadr Night?

It is the celebration of the Sacred Night when our Holly Qur'an started word by word to our Prophet Muhammad (s.a.s.)

Questions To A Muslim Child (7)

How many types of canonical school (madhab) are there?

There are two types.

How many founding imams are there in the schools of faith? What are they?

There are two imams. Imam Abu Mansuri Maturidi and Imam Abu Hasan al-
Ash'ari, may Allah be pleased with them.

How many schools of Deed are there? What are they?

There are four schools of deed. They are the Hanafi, Shafii, maliki and Hanbalii

What is your school of faith?

My school of faith is Ahli-Sunnah-wal-Jam'aah.

What is your school of deed?

My school of deed is Hanafi.

Who is the imam of our school of faith?

Imam Abu Mansur Muhammad Maturidi is the imam of our school of faith.

Who is the imam of the school of faith of those who are from the Shafii, Maliki and
Hanbali schools?

Their imam is Abu'l Hasan al, Ashari.

Whatis Fasiq (Impious)?

It is the name of a person who is heedless to God’s Commands and prohibitions.

What is Fitna?

It means a test with the good or bad things, moral collapse, social upheaval and chaos.

What is Fıqh (jurisprudence)?

It is a person’s knowledge of what deeds are for his benefit and what are for his harm.

Questions To A Muslim Child (6)

What is an angel?

An angel is created from Divine Light and can take any shape or form. They are sinless and continually in a state of prayer.

What are the names of the four Archangels?

Gabriel (a.s.), Michael (a.s.), Raphael (a.s.) and Azrael (a.s.)

What was Gabriel charged with?

He was charged with the responsibility of communicating the revelations of the Holy Scriptures of Allah the Most High to the Prophets (a.s.). This angel acted as the intermediary between Allah the Most Great and His Prophets by revelation.

What was Michael charged with?

He is charged with the formation of some natural phenomena such as the wind, the rain, the snow, and the growth of vegetation.

What was Raphael charged with?

He has been charged with the task of blowing the trumpet (al-Thur) on Doomsday (al-Qiyamah) and again for resurrection of humanity.

What was charged with?
He is charged with the task of taking the souls at the time of death.

Questions To A Muslim Child (5)

What is Tawhid?

It is the belief in God's existence and His Oneness.

What is Shirk?

It means to associate partners with God. This is done by attaining gods besides Allah and worshipping someone other than Him.

Who is called a Prophet?

A an who is charged by Allah to communicate the religion of Allah is called a Prophet.

How many Prophets have been sent to man?

According to a tradition narrated by our Prophet (s.a.s.) one hundred and twenty four thousand prophets were appointed. Yet, by another tradition the number of Prophets is two hundred twenty four thousand.

How many Prophets are mentioned in our Holy Qur'an?

Twenty-eight.

Would you please list their names?

Adam, Enoch, Noah, Hood, Salih, Abraham, Lot, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, Joseph, Job, Moses, Aaron, David, Solomon, Elijah, Dhulkifl, Jonah, Zachariah, John, Jesus, Ezra, LoQman, Dhul Qarnain and Muhammad Mustapha, peace upon them all. some call Ezra, Loqman and Dhul Qarnain (a.s) special friends of Allah (awliyahs).

What ar Nabi or Rasul ?

He is a distinguished person who conveys to people whatever receives from God.

What are the names of the four divine books and which Prophets (a.s) were they sent to?

The Torah to Moses (a.s), the Psalms to David (a.s), the Gospel to Jesusu (s.a.) and the Holy Qur'an to our Prophet Muhammad Mustapha (s.a.s)

What are the written pages (suhuf), how many pages are there and to whom were they sent?

There are a hundred written pages (suhuf) which Allah sent by the Archangel Gabriel (a.s) to some prophets. Ten written pages were sent to Adam (a.s), fifity to Seth, (a.s), thirty to Enoch (a.s), and ten to Abraham (a.s)

Questions To A Muslim Child (4)

What is the name of the father of our Prophet have?

Abdullah.

What is his mother's name?

Amina.

What is his grandfather's name?

Abdulmuttalib.

Where was our Prophet Muhammad (s.a.s.) born and died, when?

He (s.a.s.) was born in Makkah in 571 C.E. and died in 632 C.E. in Madinah.

Where is his tomb?

He was laid to rest in his tomb in the Mosque of the Prophet (Rawza al-Mutaharra) in Madinah.

How old was he when he was given the Prophetwood?

His prophetwood became a fact when he was 40 years old.

How many years did he serve as a Prophet?

He performed his prophetic duties for 23 years.

When did our Prophet (s.a.s.) emigrate from Makah to Madinah?

He emigrated in 622 C.E.

When did his temporary life end?

It ended when he was sixty-three.

What is the most common name of the Prophet (s.a.s.)?

His most common name is muhamad (peace and blessing be upon him)

How many names does our Prophet have?

He has mny beautiful names. We should know at least four of them: Muhammad (s.a.s.), Mustapha (s.a.s.), Ahmad (s.a.s.) and Mahmoud (s.a.s.).

How many daughters did he have?

He had four daughters. Zeyneb (r.a.), Ruqayyah (r.a.), Umm Kulthum (r.a.), Fatimah (r.a.)

How many sons did he have?

Three sons were born to him: Qasim (r.a.), Abdullah (or Tayyib) (r.a.), Ibrahim (r.a.)

How many grandsons did he have?

He had two: Hassan (r.a.) and Hussayn (r.a.)

Whose children were they?

They were Ali's (r.a.) and Fatima's (r.a.) children.

Would you list the names of the Azwaj al-Tahirah, that is blessed wives of our Prophet (s.a.s.)?

Khadijah (r.a.), Sawdah (r.a.), A'isha (r.a.), Hafsah (r.a.), Zaynab bint Khuzaymah R.a.), Umm Salamah (r.a.), Zaynab binti Jahsh (r.a.), Juwayriyah R.a.), Umm Habibah (r.a.), Safiyyah (r.a.), Maimaunah (r.a.), Mariyah (r.a.).

Who was the first wife of our Prophet (s.a.s.)?

Khadijah (r.a.) was the first wife of our Prophet (s.a.s.). She was 15 years older than our Prophet (s.a.s.) and they lead a happy life together for 25 years.

What was the last wife of our Prophet?

A'isha (r.a.)

Would you list some of the reasons why our Prophet (s.a.s.) got married after the
age of 53?

Our Prophet (s.a.s.) got married in order to connect various tribes with Islam, communicate Islamic principles about women through his blessed wives, to save some of them from poverty, and to protect the chasity and purity of some others. The main aim was to spread Islam through women.

Which one of his wives died last?

Her excellency A'isha (r.a.) died last.

Who is the most distinguished and excellent man that came or will come to the world?

Our Prophey Muhammad Mustapha (s.a.s)
What is Ashab?

They are the Muslims who saw the Prophet and had conversation with him.

Questions To A Muslim Child (3)

What is Fard (Obligatory)?

It is the thing which is requested to be performed in certainty by the religion.

What is Wajib?

They are the decrees which their performance are demanded by the religion with the presumptive (zannî) evidences.

What is Sunnat?

They are the religious duties the Prophet performed and demanded to be fulfilled by the Muslims.

What is Hadith?

They are the verbal expression of the utterances or the actions and approvals of the Prophet Muhammad.

What is Mubah?

They are the things which performing them or not is permissible in religion.

What is Haram (Prohibited)?

They are the things which their performance are prohibited with certainty by the religion.

What is Halal (Lawful)?

They are the things which there is no religious decree for they are to be done or not.

What is Makruh (Abominable)?

It is a thing which its abandonment is demanded by religion by a presumptive evidence.

What is Mustahab?

They are the religious actions which the Prophet performed sometimes and ignored sometimes.

What is Sura?

It is the each chapter of Qur'an separated from each other by the Basmala.

What is Ayat?

They are the sentences and verses of the Qur’an.

To which direction do you turn when worshiping?

I turn to the Holy Kaaba in Makkah.

Whose community (Ummah) are you from?

I am from the Ummah of Muhammad (s.a.s)

From whom have you descended?

I have descended from Adam (a.s.)

Whose nation are you from?

I am from the nation of abraham (Ibrahim) (a.s.)

What is a repetance of desperation (Tawba-i Yais)? Is that kind of repentance acceptable?

It is the respentance of a dying man who already has Iman and who has acted accordingly.Yes, it is acceptable.

What is belief of desperation (Iman-i Yais)? Is that kind of faith acceptable?

To accept Faith as Pharaoh did just at the moment of death. No.

Questions To A Muslim Child (2)

What would be your answer to someone who asked how many gods there were?

I would answer that there is only one.

What is your evidence that there is only one Allah?

My evidence is the first verse (ayah) of the Surah allkhlas.

What is the meaning of the verse (ayah) ?

The meaning is; "Say: He is Allah, the One and Only!"

What is your reasonable evidence that Allah exists?

The existence of this universe and the continuation of its system and order.

Would it be right to think about the essence of Allah?

No, it would be improper to think about the essence of Allah because reason is incapable of understanding it. One can only think about the qualitiea of Allah.

What are The Divine Attributes of Allah?

The Divine Attributes of Allah the Most High are classified in two groups: the Divine Attributes of the Being of Allah (al Sifat al-Dhatiyyah) are six and the immutable of the Divine Essence of Allah (al-Sifat-al-Thubutiyyah) are eight.

What are the Divine Attributes of the Being of Allah?

Al-Wujud : He is the Existing One,
Al-Qidam : He is the Pre-Eternal One,
Al-Baqah : He is the Everlasting One,
Al-Wahdaniyyah : He is the Unique One,
Al-Mukhalafatun lil Khawadith : He is Unlike the Created,
Al-Qiyam bi'nafsihi : He is the Self-Existing One.

What are the Immutable Attributes of the Divine Essence of Allah?

Al-Hayat : Hei s the Living and Resurrecting One,
Al-Ilm : He is the All-Knowing One: Allah the Most High knows everything to such an extent that He even knows the secret intentions of the heart,
Al-Sami : He is the All-Hearing One: Allah the Most High hears eveything,
Al-Baseer : He is the All-Seeing One: Allah the Most High can see a black ant crawling on a black rock in the dark of night and He can hear the sound of its moving limbs,
Al-Iradhah: He has Absolute Will: Alalh the Most High has the quality of divine Determination so that He does whatever He wishes and in whatever manner He wishes,
Al-Qudrah : He is the Omnipotent, the Almighty One, and He has power over all things,
Al-Qalam : His manner of Speech is Unique to Him; Alalh the Most High spaeks without need of letters or souns,
Al-Taqwin : He is the Creator from nothing of all things and beings.

Questions To A Muslim Child (1)

-Are you a Muslim?

Thanks be to Allah (Alhamdulillah), I am a Muslim

-What does it mean to be a Muslim?

Knowing that there is only one Allah, and accepting the Holy Qur'an and Prophet Muhammed (s.a.s.)

-Since when have you Muslim?

I have been a Muslim since the time of the world (Balaa)

-What does "Balaa" mean?

It is a covenant (mithaq). That is, Allah asked whwn He created all souls: "Am I not your Lord (Rabb)"? They answered "Yes, for certain you are our Lord (Rabb) (Balaa)." Thus, I have been a Muslim from that time.

-Who is your Lord (Rabb)? Who created you?

Allah

-Whose slave are you?

I am the slave of Allah.

-What is your religion?

My religion is İslam.

-Which book do you believe in?

I believe in the Holy Quran.

-What is Din?

It is the set of laws which guides the sane people who believe with their free will to the most right, the most beautiful, and everlasting happiness.

-What is Islam?

It is the name of the last divine religion which was sent to human beings by God through His Prophet Muhammad

-What is Iman (Belief)?

It is the acceptance and attestation of the decrees which are known in certainty that they are brought from God by the Prophet.